Training schedule

Accounts Payable (AP) is not just processing checks, mailing them and then filing the backup paperwork. To truly and effectively manage accounts payable, one must understand the AP department's building blocks including, but not limited to customer service, vendor management, check requests and Purchase Orders (POs).

This finance & accounting training course is designed to cover the role and importance of accounting and finance in today’s business world. It will provide an ‘MBA level’ experience in terms of content, instruction, discussion and team exercises.

This Advanced Finance Programme is a must for all those who would like to attend a course that comprehensively deals with all the key topics of strategic management, financial planning, and financial management. It is also for those who wish to sharpen up their financial management skills, or who wish to refresh or update the skills they already have.

This seminar provides participants with crucial cost awareness and budgetary skills by combining techniques analysis, problems and examples of real case studies, which is essential in managing and controlling processes / projects in times of increasing global competition where the budgets are inextricably linked with both strategy formulation and cost analysis.

This short course for middle and senior managers in the public sector aims to create an awareness and understanding of the Public Finance Management Act 1 of 1999 (PFMA), as amended, and its implications.

You will learn about the accounting processes of recording and reporting business transactions, and how these are summarised as periodic financial reports in accordance with statutory requirements. You will also learn how these financial reports are analysed by a variety of user groups.

This ICL Accounts Payable training seminar provides businesses and other organizations with a strong sense of where they stand against industry leaders and shows them how to take their services and organizational processes to state-of-the-art levels.

This course will enable you and your organization to manage your accounts receivable effectively without compromising your credit sales.

Attending this course will help you reach advanced Excel levels allowing you to produce such important reports. The course starts with pivot tables, the most important tool ever created to perform data reporting, analysis and reconciliation.

The Strategy & Leadership for CFO's and Senior Finance Executives Programme will enhance your ability to lead whilst giving you the wider business expertise required of today’s high-performing CFOs.

The programme aims at equipping managers to protect employees, suppliers and customers by providing critical information in order to successfully manage COVID-19 within the work environment.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

This course will provide participants with detailed understanding of basic concepts and definitions to enable them read and understand finance related documents and their implications in day-to-day workings.

Learn the key strategies used by project managers to generate crucial funding for their projects.

Extract, transform, and analyse data with business intelligence software frequently seen as the next step after Excel.

Extract, transform, and analyse data with business intelligence software frequently seen as the next step after Excel.

Win tenders based on clear winning strategies and a legal understanding of the process.

This intensive training program has been meticulously designed to provide you with a deep understanding of corporate fraud, its various forms, and the strategies needed to safeguard your organization against this pervasive threat.

In general terms, risk governance means the responsible management of risks, with societal sustainability requirements, such as combating climate change or effective banking supervision, playing an important role at the macro level and the management of business risks, especially financial risks, at the micro level.

Take part in South Africa’s premier conference dedicated to the growth, leadership, and professional excellence of administrative professionals. This 4-day event offers high-impact training, meaningful networking, cutting-edge technology insights including AI for assistants, and a well-deserved luxury retreat experience.

This course is specifically developed for employees working in an office and administration environment where the principles of records management is vitally part of legislative pieces. Records Management provides an understanding of basic record management principles and how they affect daily work.

The course is designed for individuals who have a basic understanding of board meetings and the need for minutes, and who want to improve their skills and knowledge in this area. Participants should have good communication and writing skills, as well as an attention to detail and the ability to stay focused during long meetings.

Win tenders based on clear winning strategies and a legal understanding of the process.

This ICL training course will help increase your motivation and confidence through understanding of principles and best practices of successful office management.

This ICL training course will help increase your motivation and confidence through understanding of principles and best practices of successful office management.

Three Days to Turbo-Boost your Time and Task Management

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The programme aims at equipping managers to protect employees, suppliers and customers by providing critical information in order to successfully manage COVID-19 within the work environment.

This course has been developed specifically to equip receptionists and office admin staff with all the essential skills to better manage the workloads and activity profiles that form the engine-room of efficient organizations.

Business writing skills to communicate, effectively, build healthy business relationships and become more productive. Aligned to US. No. 12153 – Use the business writing process combined with Speed Writing to compose minutes and professional texts required in the business environment

This course tackles all these behavioral skills while focusing on areas related to the use of technology to get things done effectively and successfully.

This ICL training course will help increase your motivation and confidence through understanding of principles and best practices of successful office management.

One of the key skills of effective management is achieving success through others, enabling your team to develop their skills and achieve success.

Whether you are a new or an experienced office manager, it is easy to get overwhelmed by the multiple roles and responsibilities expected of you in the modern workplace.This dynamic and essential training course will help you see yourself and your office management role from a fresh new perspective.

This Administrative Excellence for Secretaries and Administrators training seminar is designed to give delegates a better understanding of the ‘people skills’ and ‘individual skills’ which are needed in a business environment and which can help them develop their existing competencies into superior skills.

This exciting ICL training course is designed to present, discuss and provide guidance on key governance principles, rules, best practice recommendations and various issues, pertinent to public-sector organizations. It will provide you with a guide of good governance, focusing on accountability, compliance, risk assessment, disclosure and transparency requirements, to ensure that administration and reporting obligations impacting on your organization are identified and addressed.

This training course will equip the board of directors, senior executives’ managers and head of departments to effectively discharge their staff and collective governance roles, responsibilities and accountabilities, and lead the organization to mitigate their risk and ensure the success and sustainability through governance excellence and efficient risk management.

This course covers the reasons why governance fails and how to avoid that and improve it. It also includes discussions about board structure, committees, their functions and duties, like the audit committee and the nomination and remuneration committees.

This exciting seminar will help you to fully embed a risk culture across the whole organization, and develop a coordinated top down approach where every function evaluates its risks on a continuous and consistent basis.

This ICL training course is aimed at all new or established investigators and has been devised in order to provide an initial introduction into the investigation of fraud within that industry and provides an understanding of practices and procedures when reporting offences of fraud.

This practical Corporate Governance training programme examines current best practice in all aspects of corporate governance, from the new role of board committees and directors' responsibilities and powers, to best implementation of governance in day-to-day activities.

This course will explore the fundamentals of the role of the Audit Committee and the nature and essential qualities of its members, particularly the Audit Committee Chairman. The course will cover the relationships with all key stakeholders and will examine all the key information flows and decision processes.

This ICL's Advanced Public Sector Management, Governance & Fiscal Sustainability Techniques seminar aims at improving the adaptation and integration of the fundamental components of Governance and Fiscal Sustainability Techniques.

The programme aims at equipping managers to protect employees, suppliers and customers by providing critical information in order to successfully manage COVID-19 within the work environment.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The legislative and regulatory landscape is constantly changing, resulting in greater emphasis and focus on the accountability and responsibility of management, governance and administration. This course provides an overview and analysis of a range of frameworks and methodologies for King IV Governance, Compliance and Assurance.

The legislative and regulatory landscape is constantly changing, resulting in greater emphasis and focus on the accountability and responsibility of management, governance and administration. This course provides an overview and analysis of a range of frameworks and methodologies for King IV Governance, Compliance and Assurance.

The legislative and regulatory landscape is constantly changing, resulting in greater emphasis and focus on the accountability and responsibility of management, governance and administration. This course provides an overview and analysis of a range of frameworks and methodologies for King IV Governance, Compliance and Assurance.

The legislative and regulatory landscape is constantly changing, resulting in greater emphasis and focus on the accountability and responsibility of management, governance and administration. This course provides an overview and analysis of a range of frameworks and methodologies for King IV Governance, Compliance and Assurance.

The legislative and regulatory landscape is constantly changing, resulting in greater emphasis and focus on the accountability and responsibility of management, governance and administration. This course provides an overview and analysis of a range of frameworks and methodologies for King IV Governance, Compliance and Assurance.

Extract, transform, and analyse data with business intelligence software frequently seen as the next step after Excel.

Extract, transform, and analyse data with business intelligence software frequently seen as the next step after Excel.

This comprehensive 5-day course is designed to equip board members and professionals with the knowledge and skills necessary to understand and effectively manage governance, risk, and compliance within their organizations.

This intensive training program has been meticulously designed to provide you with a deep understanding of corporate fraud, its various forms, and the strategies needed to safeguard your organization against this pervasive threat.

This 5-day Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) training course is designed to provide participants with a comprehensive understanding of ESG principles and how they apply to organizations.

The legislative and regulatory landscape is constantly changing, resulting in greater emphasis and focus on the accountability and responsibility of management, governance and administration. This course provides an overview and analysis of a range of frameworks and methodologies for King IV Governance, Compliance and Assurance.

The legislative and regulatory landscape is constantly changing, resulting in greater emphasis and focus on the accountability and responsibility of management, governance and administration. This course provides an overview and analysis of a range of frameworks and methodologies for King IV Governance, Compliance and Assurance.

The legislative and regulatory landscape is constantly changing, resulting in greater emphasis and focus on the accountability and responsibility of management, governance and administration. This course provides an overview and analysis of a range of frameworks and methodologies for King IV Governance, Compliance and Assurance.

The course will also provide insight into an international perspective of corporate governance.

The course will also provide insight into an international perspective of corporate governance.

The course will also provide insight into an international perspective of corporate governance.

The course will also provide insight into an international perspective of corporate governance.

This course covers how to prevent fraud from happening, how to detect fraud, the tools to investigate fraud, and how to gather a case for prosecution.

The Effective Risk Management short course will equip you with the relevant knowledge of principles, tools and techniques that would engender overall improved performance in operational risk management. 

This exciting seminar will help you to fully embed a risk culture across the whole organization, and develop a coordinated top down approach where every function evaluates its risks on a continuous and consistent basis. It will help you change the focus from risk avoidance to one of value creation and create a fully risk embracing culture.

In general terms, risk governance means the responsible management of risks, with societal sustainability requirements, such as combating climate change or effective banking supervision, playing an important role at the macro level and the management of business risks, especially financial risks, at the micro level.

In general terms, risk governance means the responsible management of risks, with societal sustainability requirements, such as combating climate change or effective banking supervision, playing an important role at the macro level and the management of business risks, especially financial risks, at the micro level.

This intensive training program has been meticulously designed to provide you with a deep understanding of corporate fraud, its various forms, and the strategies needed to safeguard your organization against this pervasive threat.

Extract, transform, and analyse data with business intelligence software frequently seen as the next step after Excel.

Extract, transform, and analyse data with business intelligence software frequently seen as the next step after Excel.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The programme aims at equipping managers to protect employees, suppliers and customers by providing critical information in order to successfully manage COVID-19 within the work environment.

This course will explore the fundamentals of the role of the Audit Committee and the nature and essential qualities of its members, particularly the Audit Committee Chairman. The course will cover the relationships with all key stakeholders and will examine all the key information flows and decision processes.

This practical Corporate Governance training programme examines current best practice in all aspects of corporate governance, from the new role of board committees and directors' responsibilities and powers, to best implementation of governance in day-to-day activities.

This ICL training course is aimed at all new or established investigators and has been devised in order to provide an initial introduction into the investigation of fraud within that industry and provides an understanding of practices and procedures when reporting offences of fraud.

Investment Fund Operations & Administration is a highly practical three-day course designed to give you a thorough working knowledge of how unit trusts, mutual funds, pensions funds and hedge funds are constructed, invested, managed and administered.

This course provides a comprehensive and practical analysis of Money Laundering schemes, Anti-Money Laundering legislation, and counter-measure techniques and implementation. Participants will learn to understand the complexities associated with the prevention and the protection of their organizations.

Whether you communicate under pressure, manage challenges in interpersonal relationships, or look to build lasting rapport, your communication style and competence are the cornerstones for improving your chances of achieving your objectives. The aim of this course is to assist you in becoming a more effective communicator by identifying people’s thinking patterns and preferred learning methods and by tailoring your communication accordingly.

The International Data Corporation estimates that by 2020 mobile workers will account for nearly three quarters of the workforce around the world. Make sure you’re on top of the virtual workplace trend with this comprehensive Managing the Virtual Workplace training course.

This training course is designed to enable participants to develop the key skills required to deliver reports for specific purposes that achieve results.

Business writing skills to communicate, effectively, build healthy business relationships and become more productive. Aligned to US. No. 12153 – Use the business writing process combined with Speed Writing to compose minutes and professional texts required in the business environment

This course provides technical professionals with the written communication skills to structure and write effective reports confidently, competently and persuasively.

This highly interactive training course will look into the tried and trusted management processes, procedures and methodology used by many companies to build productive and cohesive units whilst establishing strong working relationships.

This course will provide insight into the role government relations plays in winning new business, building and reinforcing a strong reputation, supporting operations, managing change and resolving disputes.

By attending this course, you will learn best practices in crisis communication management, situation analysis, risk assessment, crisis team formation and responsibilities, protocols, and resources to be used such as crisis manuals and communication tools.

In this course, participants will understand the differences between communication styles and develop a Win-Win mind-set to make them effective in any circumstance. Using the four pillars of communication, participants will learn to determine what outcome they would like from any situation by influencing and persuading; they will build rapport with others, monitor their success, and be flexible to change.

In this course we introduce and discuss the theories, tools and perspectives of corporate and organizational communication to be used to enhance participants’ development as communication professionals with the practical insight to deal with complex communication issues in modern organizations within a company as well as externally.

Win tenders based on clear winning strategies and a legal understanding of the process.

This course is designed to equip your staff with the essential skills and knowledge required to excel in providing exceptional customer support through digital platforms.

The course is designed for individuals who have a basic understanding of board meetings and the need for minutes, and who want to improve their skills and knowledge in this area. Participants should have good communication and writing skills, as well as an attention to detail and the ability to stay focused during long meetings.

Learn simple concepts that help you improve your meeting facilitation and communication skills, and become a better team leader through easy meeting tactics.

The Business Communications Skills online course has been designed to equip you with the tools to communicate effectively across the gamut of business channels – from interpersonal communication and communicating in meetings, through to effective use of digital channels.

Develop your presentation skills to transform yourself from inexperienced speaker to skilled presenter through planning and practice. Learn how to captivate your audience and improve at presenting your ideas with conviction, control and without fear.

Our Business writing course aims to develop students' skills to write clear, concise, and effective emails, memos, letters, minutes and proposals, using the appropriate register, tone, language structure, and word choice.

Business writing skills to communicate, effectively, build healthy business relationships and become more productive. Aligned to US. No. 12153 – Use the business writing process combined with Speed Writing to compose minutes and professional texts required in the business environment

Since much of today’s business is done over the phone and email, using correct telephonic and email etiquette is important! Phone, email, or text? Learn what communication method to use when.

Business Communication and Report Writing emphasizes effective business writing and covers letters, memoranda, reports, application letters, and resumes. Includes the fundamentals of business communication and an introduction to international communication.

This course provides technical professionals with the written communication skills to structure and write effective reports confidently, competently and persuasively.

This one-day course helps the delegates in developing interactive and responsive communication style. Communication is one of the leading factors that result in a positive outcome of the organisation. This course is highly beneficial for those who wish to enhance their communication skills and build strong interpersonal relationships in the workplace. The course includes fundamental of communication, benefits of effective communication, conflicts, interpersonal skills and its importance.

This intensive 4-day course provides executives, managers, and analysts with the skills to design, develop, and manage executive dashboards and reports using Microsoft Power BI.

The purpose of Roads, Storm Water Drainage Construction and Maintenance is to provide the student with both the practical and theoretical knowledge of the practices, procedures and equipment necessary for road construction, required by professional engineers.

The purpose of Roads, Storm Water Drainage Construction and Maintenance is to provide the student with both the practical and theoretical knowledge of the practices, procedures and equipment necessary for road construction, required by professional engineers.

The latest general condition of Contracts for Construction works from SAICE GCC 2015 CPD accredited: 2 CPD Points

Sustaining existing businesses is fundamental to the growth of the South African Economy and to our future socio political stability.  Institute of Corporate Learning addresses entrepreneurial development through offering the following dynamic programme.

A two-day course to introduce and improve skills in construction project planning, scheduling and programming

A two-day course to introduce and improve skills in construction project planning, scheduling and programming.

The course is available in two Formats:- 1. Using your painting machine (you supply it) 2. Using only handwork method (no machine required).

IS YOUR ROADMARKING CONTRACTOR DOING IT RIGHT - OR DOING YOU IN? Personal attendance-based with theoretical and practical elements.

A full day course, with time for Q&A and after session discussion with each presenter. Samples of new products, test methods and instruction sheets will be available.

Win tenders based on clear winning strategies and a legal understanding of the process.

The Advanced Construction Contracts course will equip you with progressive knowledge on construction contract law and an in-depth understanding of the major construction contracts that are currently used in South Africa.

The purpose of this short course is to develop levelling skills required for setting up a levelling instrument, transferring levels, bookings levels and setting out excavation profiles and to develop basic setting out skills required for using a metric tape, survey accessory equipment, preserving survey points, using ranging rods, setting out right angles and controlling levels.

This course introduces the practical tools to control the cost and as well the time during the project. Moreover, the final cost and time for the project can be predicted based on the rates of achieving and the consumed money at any time of the project.

This course will look at the definition, importance and uses of estimating, costing and pricing. We will cover the contextual framework, general principles and measurement when it comes to the process of tenders. Quantity estimating, client costing, tenderer pricing and contract completion also forms a major part of this specific topic and will be covered in detail

The course is designed to provide participants with a professional understanding of the responsibilities and rights of the Parties under a FIDIC Contract and the procedures to manage claims, where the resolution of claims will be achieved more successfully.

This course is designed to provide practical guidance to those involved in the management or administration of projects where use of FIDIC forms of contracts is required.

Through this course, delegates are introduced to the concepts needed for leading a team and raising the technical, engineering, maintenance, production, logistics and quality team management standards.

This highly interactive three-day course will provide participants with the necessary information on planning, managing investigation works prior to commencement of major site works in road construction and maintenance.

The programme aims at equipping managers to protect employees, suppliers and customers by providing critical information in order to successfully manage COVID-19 within the work environment.

ICL’s online snippet is a short 1.5 hour webinar delivered by one of our subject matter experts.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

This course provides technical professionals with the written communication skills to structure and write effective reports confidently, competently and persuasively.

This Training will explore in depth; descriptions of Bills of Quantities, purpose of Bills of Quantities and their composition, their preparation, measuring of builders work, standard method of measuring building work, Marking up and billing.

This training course is essential for all personnel within the organisation. Every organisation relies on contracts to protect the interests of the company and manage risk effectively. It is imperative that everyone in the organisation understands the issues and processes involved in a contracting scenario.

The training course also provides non-project professionals a unique and simplified approach of the basic project management skills as practiced by those manage projects worldwide. It provides them with a practical and effective guide to learn what project professionals and their teams are doing and to acquire the project management skills to be an active, value-adding participant to the project team.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

ICL’s online snippet is a short 1.5 hour webinar delivered by one of our subject matter experts.

This course is designed to provide practical guidance to those involved in the management or administration of projects where use of FIDIC forms of contracts is required.

The course is designed to provide participants with a professional understanding of the responsibilities and rights of the Parties under a FIDIC Contract and the procedures to manage claims, where the resolution of claims will be achieved more successfully.

This course will look at the definition, importance and uses of estimating, costing and pricing. We will cover the contextual framework, general principles and measurement when it comes to the process of tenders. Quantity estimating, client costing, tenderer pricing and contract completion also forms a major part of this specific topic and will be covered in detail

The Advanced Construction Contracts course will equip you with progressive knowledge on construction contract law and an in-depth understanding of the major construction contracts that are currently used in South Africa.

Win tenders based on clear winning strategies and a legal understanding of the process.

A two-day course to help candidates understand the complexity and importance of contract administration and quality control.

The latest general condition of Contracts for Construction works from SAICE GCC 2015 CPD accredited: 2 CPD Points.

This course will provide participants with detailed understanding of Planning, Writing & Managing Quality SLAs.

The Quality Customer Service training programme is for delegates to become more professional and effective in the way they handle both face to face and telephone service when dealing with internal and external customers. Delegates will understand the impact on them and their organisation of providing the best possible service learning to communicate with customer’s in a professional and effective manner.

Since much of today’s business is done over the phone and email, using correct telephonic and email etiquette is important! Phone, email, or text? Learn what communication method to use when.

This course is designed to equip your staff with the essential skills and knowledge required to excel in providing exceptional customer support through digital platforms.

Advance the success of your call center and achieve your professional career goals with a solid foundation in planning and managing an exceptional call center.

This course has been developed specifically to equip receptionists and office admin staff with all the essential skills to better manage the workloads and activity profiles that form the engine-room of efficient organizations.

This Customer Service for the Public Sector training course is designed to give participants the communication skills, negotiation strategies, and public-sector customer service best practices they require to significantly improve customer service while lowering costs and increasing employee satisfaction.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

This dynamic, 4-day course gives customer service professionals the communication skills, technology tools, and motivation they require to build strong customer relationships and develop a customer centric organization.

This programme is must for anyone planning or about to embark on the implementation of an Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) or Enterprise Content Management System (ECM).

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The main purpose of the course is to give delegates a good understanding the power of Power BI to develop dashboards using large data sets.

The programme aims at equipping managers to protect employees, suppliers and customers by providing critical information in order to successfully manage COVID-19 within the work environment.

This course is specifically developed for employees working in an office and administration environment where the principles of records management is vitally part of legislative pieces. Records Management provides an understanding of basic record management principles and how they affect daily work.

Shaping the Future of Water Management

This course aims to familiarise you with computers and Microsoft Windows, while learning basic computer, mouse and keyboard skills in a supportive classroom environment.

The POPIA course is an engaging, illustrative, and interactive course. It is based on the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPIA), a comprehensive privacy law that is mandatory for all businesses within the private and public sector that process personal information in South Africa. Using illustrative graphics, animations, and real-life examples, the course details the crucial elements of POPIA that businesses should be aware of in order to comply.

Course on Artificial Intelligence and future tech at work

Discover how to protect your data and make your organisation POPI Compliant.

The programme has been specifically designed to provide you with a highly practical guide to the key skills; strategies and techniques that you will need in the handling of IT security issues. 

This programme is designed to equip delegates with the skills necessary to understand, plan for and implement an Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS).

This skills programme will provide the learner with the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values required to create and maintain an effective record keeping system in an organization with regard to record keeping and mailing procedures.

Shaping the Future of Water Management

This course is on O & M focusing on water and sanitation infrastructure and equipment with an emphasis on system continuity in order to provide maximum service for continued consumer satisfaction.

This 5-day comprehensive course is designed to equip participants with the knowledge and skills needed to understand, design, and troubleshoot electro-hydraulic systems in automotive applications.

This 5-day comprehensive course is designed to equip participants with the knowledge and skills needed to understand, design, and troubleshoot electro-hydraulic systems in automotive applications.

This 5-day comprehensive course is designed to equip participants with the knowledge and skills needed to understand, design, and troubleshoot electro-hydraulic systems in automotive applications.

Win tenders based on clear winning strategies and a legal understanding of the process.

The Advanced Construction Contracts course will equip you with progressive knowledge on construction contract law and an in-depth understanding of the major construction contracts that are currently used in South Africa.

The purpose of this short course is to develop levelling skills required for setting up a levelling instrument, transferring levels, bookings levels and setting out excavation profiles and to develop basic setting out skills required for using a metric tape, survey accessory equipment, preserving survey points, using ranging rods, setting out right angles and controlling levels.

This course provides a complete step-by-step guide for managing shut­downs and turnarounds in process plants. It covers all phases of shutdowns and turnarounds, including initiation, planning, executing, controlling, and closing.

Quick Changeover, sometimes referred to as Setup Reduction or SMED (Single-Minute Exchange of Die), eliminates or reduces non-value added activities in the setup and teardown processes of manufacturing, allowing companies to quickly and efficiently change from one product to another.